Week 2 HSIN Compare & Contrast

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Compare and Contrast Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC Models)

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Compare and Contrast Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC Models)

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Compare and Contrast Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC Models)
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SDLC Seven Step Model

SDLC seven step models is a scientific methodology applied in the development of the

software applications. The SDLC seven step models implement software development through a

series of steps that includes seven stages. The stages include the requirement phase, the analysis

phase, the design phase, the coding or development phase, the testing phase, the deployment

phase and the maintenance phase.

Requirement phase

The session involves the collection of the business needs. The business functions are

quantified to determine the specifications and the requirements preferred by the user. The

requirement phase of SDLC seven steps model also determines the business rules and regulations

that govern the work of the users. The session compares the factors affecting the business

requirements, functions, and the business processes. The session involves carrying out the

systems feasibility study to determine the viability of the proposed system (Anex, & Lifset,

2014).

The Analysis Phase

The analysis phase in the SDLC seven steps model involves the reviewing of the

requirements, needs, and business specifications to come up with requirements documentation

deliverables. The session formulates the business problems and integrates them with the best

solutions and the alternatives to solve the business problems. The deliverables in the session

includes the workflow diagrams, the security matrices, the development of the system models,

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prototypes and the data element definitions. The entire phase provides a logical system model

implemented in the next phases

The Design Phase

The design phase of the SDLC seven steps model seeks at implementing the design of the

logical model as defined in the analysis phase. The design phase applies the drawing techniques

to transform the logical model into physical design of the proposed system. The various systems

architectures implemented in the design phase include the drawing of the database schemas, the

drawing of the relationships, and the drawing of the object web design interfaces. The session

also involves designing of the user interfaces (Guntamukkala, et al…, 2006).

Coding and Development Phase

The coding and development stage involves using a specific programming language to

write code that implements the functions and the tasks of the entire software system. The coding

process implements the physical design drawn in the design phase. The system developer codes

the business requirements and needs according to the business specifications. The developers

implement the applications and functions of the entire program through programming the

operations of the business by integrating several rules, principles and policies as stated by the

business organization. The various modules developed by different developers are integrated

together to form a complete functioning system. The interlinked modules are prepared for testing

by placing the entire system in the testing server.

The Testing Phase

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Testing phase involves the process of verifying and validating types of testing. The

verification process involves testing if the developed system is working according to the user

specifications. The session performs the system validation process which refers to the process of

testing if the developed system is working accordingly. The validation process simply checks if

the developed program is working and implementing functions, operations, and the activities

done by the business (Cohen, et al…, 2010). The requirement testing process and the functional

acceptance testing takes the tested program back to development stage for the correction.

Deployment Phase

The deployment process involves installing the developed software in the organization

departments. The various methodologies applied in involve the use of the piloting. The session

also implements the training of the users on how to use and implement the systems. The users

acquire better responses on the best operations by using the designed user manuals, the user

guides and the user manuals (Yu, et al…, 2012).

Maintenance Phase

The maintenance phase involves the application of various improvement operations to

implement and ensure that the entire system takes the best activities ever. The various activities

implementing improvement process includes upgrading the system using the best hardware and

software tools. The maintenance phase of SDLC seven steps model helps in improving the

compatibility process as well as ensuring the policies and standards specified by the organization

are effectively and efficiently implemented.

Four Steps SDLC Model

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The four steps SDLC model is applied in the development of software programs through

using four steps. The four steps SDLC model applies the use of the various procedural concepts

and strategies to achieve a quality and complete system project. The phases involved in the four

steps SDLC model includes the planning phase, the risk analysis phase, the engineering phase,

and evaluation phase.

The Planning Phase

The planning phase implements the activities such as the preliminary study to collect and

gather data and information. The planning phase of four steps SDLC model conducts the

feasibility study analysis whereby the factors such as the economic feasibility, the functional

feasibility, the operation feasibility are implemented. The planning session also conducts the

reviewing of the systems analysis and the requirement gathering to determine the solutions to the

existing problems and the alternatives that can be applied to solve the problems. The deliverables

in the planning phase of four steps SDLC model includes the needs analysis deliverable

documents and the requirements documentation.

The Risk Analysis Phase

The risk analysis phase involves performing the discussion sessions to identify the risks,

the constraints and the assumptions. The problems within the, system are analyzed and the best

solution selected. The selected option acts as the best approach towards mitigating the identified

business risks and requirements. The sessions focus at automating the business operations by

implementing the identified solution through software based approach. The deliverables in the

session includes the risks and the best solution opted to solve the existing business problems

(Geerts, et al…, 1996).

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The System Engineering Process

The systems engineering process involves implementing a programming language to

code the specified option for solving the organization problems. The stage involves automating

entire system software through writing the program that facilitates the implementation of the

required business operations. The system engineering process of the four steps SDLC model also

involves testing of the developed software to ensure that the developed software is free from

bugs, and errors originating from the syntax and semantic operations (Aidman, & Petróczi,

2008). The session performs the removal and correction of the errors from the code to achieve an

error free code. The deliverables of the stage includes the validation test and the verification test

document,

The system Evaluation Process

The stage involves the users of the system conducting the effective and efficient

installation of the developed system through the use system deployment process. The stage

involves the conduction of the training of the end users of the systems. The session also conducts

the development and designing of the user manuals and the user guide documents. The final

sessions involves collection of the deliverables and combine them to the complete documentation

of the system software. The documentation provides the new developers in maintaining the

developed software program.

Comparison and Contrasting the Seven Steps SDLC and Four Steps SDLC Model

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Compare and Contrast Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC Models)
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Both the seven steps SDLC model and the four steps SDLC model implements the

process of software development through the use of step by step process. Both seven steps and

the four steps SDLC model iterates the software development processes to ensure that the

developed software system is at the highest and most appropriate standards as specified by the

users. Both the seven steps SDLC model and the four steps SDLC model have deliverables in

every stage. The deliverables are combined to form one document called the documentation.

The four steps SDLC model differs from the seven steps SDLC model by through the

number of phases. The four steps SDLC model has compressed some stages with similar

operations implemented by the seven steps SDLC model. The planning phase of the four steps

SDLC model incorporates the compressed stages of the seven steps SDLC model by combining

the user requirements, and the analysis phase. The four steps SDLC model has the final stage as

the evaluation process that combines the installation, the testing, and the maintenance activities

in one phase. The seven steps SDLC model has maintenance stage as the final phase of the

testing existing as a separate phase, the installation or deployment existing as a separate stage.

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References

Aidman, E., & Petróczi, A. (2008). Psychological drivers in doping: The life-cycle model of

performance enhancement. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 3, 1, 1-

12.

Anex, R., & Lifset, R. (2014). Life Cycle Assessment: Different Models for Different

Purposes. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18, 3, 321-323.

Cohen, S., Dori, D., & de, H. U. (2010). A software system development life cycle model for

improved stakeholders’ communication and collaboration. International Journal of

Computers, Communications and Control, 5, 1, 20-41.

Geerts, G. L., McCarthy, W. E., & Rockwell, S. R. (1996). Automated Integration of Enterprise

Accounting Models Throughout the Systems Development Life Cycle. Intelligent

Systems in Accounting, Finance & Management, 5, 3, 113-128

Guntamukkala, V., Wen, H. J., & Tarn, J. M. (2006). An empirical study of selecting software

development life cycle models. Human Systems Management, 25, 4, 265-278.

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Yu, C.-I., Chen, H.-G., Klein, G., & Jiang, J. J. (2012). Risk dynamics throughout the system

development life cycle. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 53, 3, 28-37.

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